TY - BOOK AB - Three-dimensional printing is among the emerging technologies of our time. While it was previously primarily employed for rapid prototyping, this technology has entered a phase of accelerated production, especially for complicated or small objects. Most recently, novel 3D printing technologies have enabled objects with features at the micro- or even nano-scale to be fabricated. Meanwhile, well-known problems such as the waviness of fused deposition modeling (FDM)-printed parts, the missing long-term stability of some typical printing materials or the reduced mechanical properties of 3D-printed objects persist. This Special Issue focusses on all topics related to the 3D printing of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), such as novel or advanced features enabled by 3D printing compared to conventional technologies, but also the challenges that continue to exist regarding the application of 3D printing technologies for MEMS and new approaches to overcoming them. ED - Ehrmann, Andrea ID - 4016 KW - 3D printed nanostructures and nano-composites for application in MEMS KW - Lab-on-a-chip devices KW - Microfluidics KW - Microelectronics KW - Micro-batteries and other energy storage devices KW - Micro- and nano-sensors and -actuators (physical KW - chemical KW - biological) KW - Challenges and possible solutions of using 3D printing technologies for MEMS KW - Similar approaches related to 3D printing of MEMS technology SN - 978-3-0365-9770-6 TI - 3D Printing of MEMS Technology ER - TY - BOOK AB - Electrospinning can be used to prepare nanofibrous membranes from diverse polymers. The large surface-to-volume ratio makes them suitable for diverse fields of applications, from filters to catalysts to tissue engineering. Here, we search for the latest developments dealing with nanofiber mats for biomedicine. From wound healing to slow release, and from tissue engineering to stem cell differentiation, nanofibrous membranes can be found in a broad range of biomedical applications. For these utilizations, their chemical as well as physical properties are important, such as hydrophobicity, fiber morphology, membrane porosity, mechanical strength, etc. This Special Issue focuses on nanofibrous membranes for biomedical applications, measuring and optimizing the correlated membrane properties. It covers the full range from basic research on new materials and producing novel electrospun structure to drug release to cell growth on nanofiber mats. ED - Ehrmann, Andrea ID - 4019 KW - Nanofibrous wound dressing KW - Antibacterial KW - fungicide KW - and other properties KW - Drug release KW - Nanofibers for tissue engineering KW - Intrinsic properties of electrospun biopolymers supporting biomedical applications KW - Polymer-nanoparticle blends for nanofibers with improved properties KW - Supporting stem cell differentiation by physical and chemical means KW - Cell adhesion on nanofibrous mats KW - Optical investigation of cells grown on nanofibrous mats KW - Other examination methods KW - e.g. KW - AFM SN - 978-3-0365-7787-6 TI - Nanofibrous Membrane for Biomedical Application ER - TY - GEN AB - Hintergrund: Pflegelehrende sind in der Pflegeausbildung für die Bearbeitung des Themenfeldes Tod und Sterben verantwortlich und erleben Lernende, die sich in ihrer Heterogenität fachlich und emotional mit den Inhalten beschäftigen sowie durch private und/ oder berufliche Erfahrungen mit dem Existentiellen konfrontiert sind. Gleichzeitig erleben Lehrende die eigene Auseinandersetzung mit ihrer Endlichkeit. Zielsetzung: Diese Qualifikationsarbeit geht den Fragen nach, welche Belastungen Lehrende im Unterrichten des Themenfeldes erleben, wie sie diese wahrnehmen und bewerten und welche Bewältigungsstrategien sie nutzen, damit ein für alle Beteiligten zielführender Unterricht möglich ist. Methoden: Nach einer orientierenden und systematischen Literaturrecherche werden die aktuellen Erkenntnisse im theoretischen Rahmen des transaktionalen Stressmodells nach Lazarus verankert und ein vorläufiges deduktives Kategoriensystem gebildet. Dieses dient im empirischen Abschnitt als Grundlage für die problemzentrierten, leitfadengestützten Einzelinterviews mit neun Pflegelehrenden. Mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse werden die Ergebnisse inhaltlich strukturiert und systematisiert. Ergebnisse: Pflegelehrende erleben Belastungen im Themenfeld Tod und Sterben. Diese entstehen einerseits durch curriculare, organisatorische und inhaltliche Faktoren sowie durch die Lernenden als Beziehungspersonen im Unterricht. Andererseits sind sie mit individuellen personellen Faktoren verknüpft. Lehrende können diese Belastungen bewerten und zeigen vielfältige Strategien im didaktisch-methodischen Kontext, aber auch in ihren Persönlichkeiten als Lehrende, um damit umzugehen. Schlussfolgerung: Das Themenfeld Tod und Sterben stellt eine Herausforderung für Lehrende wie Lernende dar, mit der sich zielführend auf der institutionellen Ebene der Pflegeschulen aber auch auf der Ebene der akademischen Qualifikation der Pflegelehrenden auseinandergesetzt werden sollte, damit dieses existentielle Thema im Kontext des Lernortes Schule eingebunden und für Lernende subjektorientiert zugänglich gemacht werden kann. AU - Seidler-Rolf, Kristina ID - 3651 KW - Pflegelehrende KW - Stressmodell death and dying KW - death education KW - Pflegepädagogik KW - Sterben KW - Tod KW - Erleben KW - Bewältigung TI - Tod und Sterben als existentielle Erfahrungen in der Pflegeausbildung: die Perspektive der Pflegelehrenden ER - TY - JOUR AB - Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mats are typical precursors for carbon nanofibers. They can be fixed or even elongated during stabilization and subsequent carbonization to gain straight, mechanically robust carbon nanofibers. These processes necessitate additional equipment or are—if the nanofiber mats are just fixed at the edges—prone to resulting in the specimens breaking, due to an uneven force distribution. Hence, we showed in a previous study that electrospinning PAN on aluminum foils and stabilizing them fixed on these substrates, is a suitable solution to keep the desired morphology after stabilization and incipient carbonization. Here, we report on the influence of different metallic and semiconductor substrates on the physical and chemical properties of the nanofiber mats after stabilization and carbonization at temperatures up to 1200 °C. For stabilization on a metal substrate, an optimum stabilization temperature of slightly above 240 °C was found, approached with a heating rate of 0.25 K/min. Independent from the substrate material, SEM images revealed less defect fibers in the nanofiber mats stabilized and incipiently carbonized on a metal foil. Finally, high-temperature carbonization on different substrates is shown to allow for producing metal/carbon nano-composites. AU - Storck, Jan Lukas AU - Brockhagen, Bennet AU - Grothe, Timo AU - Sabantina, Lilia AU - Kaltschmidt, Bernhard AU - Tuvshinbayar, Khorolsuren AU - Braun, Laura AU - Tanzli, Ewin AU - Hütten, Andreas AU - Ehrmann, Andrea ID - 1081 IS - 1 JF - C KW - polyacrylonitrile (PAN) KW - nanofibers KW - electrospinning KW - aluminum KW - copper KW - tin KW - titanium KW - silicon wafer KW - steel KW - stabilization and carbonization TI - Stabilization and Carbonization of PAN Nanofiber Mats Electrospun on Metal Substrates VL - 7 ER - TY - CHAP AB - In the first part, this paper reports on recent research on the attitudes of students with a migration background towards learning for employability. Using individual student data from 2014 (TEL4-G), the findings indicate both immigrant-specific patterns of university enrolment and significant differences within the group of second-generation immigrants. In the second part of the paper, we further gain insights from a representative survey of first-year students in Business and Economics (conducted in 2016-17). In particular, we study the role of non-traditional pathways to university and their relative importance for students with a migration background. These findings are relevant for strategies that aim at widening the overall participation in higher education and for policies that encourage academia to become a diverse community itself. AU - Carstensen, Vivian AU - Happ, Roland AU - Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia, Olga ED - Noorda, Sijbolt ED - Scott, Peter ED - Vukasovic, Martina ID - 2807 KW - European Higher Education Area KW - flexible learning pathways into higher education KW - learning for employability KW - minorities KW - vocational education and training SN - 9788869234934 T2 - Bologna Process Beyond 2020: Fundamental Values of the EHEA TI - Diverse communities of learners: The journey of second-generation immigrants to university ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUNDWireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) are major insect pests of worldwide relevance. Owing to the progressive phasing-out of chemical insecticides, there is great demand for innovative control options. This study reports on the development of an attract-and-kill co-formulation based on Ca-alginate beads, which release CO2 and contain neem extract as a bioinsecticidal compound. The objectives of this study were to discover: (1) whether neem extract can be immobilized efficiently, (2) whether CO2-releasing Saccharomyces cerevisiae and neem extract are suitable for co-encapsulation, and (3) whether co-encapsulated neem extract affects the attractiveness of CO2-releasing beads towards wireworms. RESULTSNeem extract was co-encapsulated together with S. cerevisiae, starch and amyloglucosidase with a high encapsulation efficiency of 98.6\% (based on measurement of azadirachtin A as the main active ingredient). Even at enhanced concentrations, neem extract allowed growth of S. cerevisiae, and beads containing neem extract exhibited CO2-emission comparable with beads without neem extract. When applied to the soil, the beads established a CO2 gradient of >15 cm. The co-formulation containing neem extract showed no repellent effects and was attractive for wireworms within the first 24 h after exposure. CONCLUSIONCo-encapsulation of S. cerevisiae and neem extract is a promising approach for the development of attract-and- kill formulations for the control of wireworms. This study offers new options for the application of neem extracts in soil. (c) 2017 Society of Chemical Industry AU - Humbert, Pascal AU - Vemmer, Marina AU - Mävers, Frauke AU - Schummann, Mario AU - Vidal, Stefan AU - Patel, Anant V. ID - 199 IS - 7 JF - Pest Management Science KW - alginate beads KW - carbon dioxide KW - azadirachtin KW - attract-and-kill KW - co-encapsulation KW - Agriotes TI - Development of an attract-and-kill co-formulation containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae and neem extract attractive towards wireworms VL - 74 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Which features of websites are important for users' perceptions regarding aesthetics or usability? This study investigates how evaluations of aesthetic appeal and usability depend on high vs. low spatial frequencies. High spatial frequencies convey information on fine details, whereas low spatial frequencies convey information about the global layout. Participants rated aesthetic appeal and usability of 50 website screenshots from different domains. Screenshots were presented unfiltered, low-pass filtered with blurred targets or high-pass filtered with high-pass filtered targets. The main result is that low spatial frequencies can be seen to have a unique contribution in perceived website aesthetics, thus confirming a central prediction from processing fluency theory. There was no connection between low spatial frequencies and usability evaluations, whereas strong correlations were found between ratings of high-pass filtered websites and those of unfiltered websites in aesthetics and usability. This study thus offers a new perspective on the biological basis of users' website perceptions. This research links ergonomics to neurocognitive models of visual processing. This paper investigates how high and low spatial frequencies, which are neurologically processed in different visual pathways, independently contribute to users' perceptions of websites. This is very relevant for theories of website perceptions and for practitioners of web design. AU - Thielsch, M. T. AU - Hirschfeld, G. ID - 483 IS - 8 JF - Ergonomics KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Aged KW - 80 and over KW - Consumer Satisfaction KW - Female KW - Germany KW - Humans KW - Internet KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - {User-Computer} Interface KW - Young Adult SN - 1366-5847 TI - High and low spatial frequencies in website evaluations VL - 53 ER -