--- _id: '2031' abstract: - lang: eng text: " Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the microscopic techniques with the highest lateral resolution. It can usually be applied in air or even in liquids, enabling the investigation of a broader range of samples than scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which is mostly performed in vacuum. Since it works by following the sample surface based on the force between the scanning tip and the sample, interactions have to be taken into account, making the AFM of irregular samples complicated, but on the other hand it allows measurements of more physical parameters than pure topography. This is especially important for biopolymers and hydrogels used in tissue engineering and other biotechnological applications, where elastic properties, surface charges and other parameters influence mammalian cell adhesion and growth as well as many other effects. This review gives an overview of AFM modes relevant for the investigations of biopolymers and hydrogels and shows several examples of recent applications, focusing on the polysaccharides chitosan, alginate, carrageenan and different hydrogels, but depicting also a broader spectrum of materials on which different AFM measurements are reported in the literature.\r\n " alternative_id: - '1734' - '2865' article_number: '1267' article_type: review author: - first_name: Jnanada Shrikant full_name: Joshi, Jnanada Shrikant id: '231115' last_name: Joshi orcid: 0000-0001-6063-5989 - first_name: Sarah Vanessa full_name: Homburg, Sarah Vanessa id: '216742' last_name: Homburg - first_name: Andrea full_name: Ehrmann, Andrea id: '223776' last_name: Ehrmann orcid: 0000-0003-0695-3905 citation: alphadin: 'Joshi, Jnanada Shrikant ; Homburg, Sarah Vanessa ; Ehrmann, Andrea: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on Biopolymers and Hydrogels for Biotechnological Applications—Possibilities and Limits. In: Polymers Bd. 14, MDPI AG (2022), Nr. 6' ama: Joshi JS, Homburg SV, Ehrmann A. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on Biopolymers and Hydrogels for Biotechnological Applications—Possibilities and Limits. Polymers. 2022;14(6). doi:10.3390/polym14061267 apa: Joshi, J. S., Homburg, S. V., & Ehrmann, A. (2022). Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on Biopolymers and Hydrogels for Biotechnological Applications—Possibilities and Limits. Polymers, 14(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061267 bibtex: '@article{Joshi_Homburg_Ehrmann_2022, title={Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on Biopolymers and Hydrogels for Biotechnological Applications—Possibilities and Limits}, volume={14}, DOI={10.3390/polym14061267}, number={61267}, journal={Polymers}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Joshi, Jnanada Shrikant and Homburg, Sarah Vanessa and Ehrmann, Andrea}, year={2022} }' chicago: Joshi, Jnanada Shrikant, Sarah Vanessa Homburg, and Andrea Ehrmann. “Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on Biopolymers and Hydrogels for Biotechnological Applications—Possibilities and Limits.” Polymers 14, no. 6 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061267. ieee: J. S. Joshi, S. V. Homburg, and A. Ehrmann, “Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on Biopolymers and Hydrogels for Biotechnological Applications—Possibilities and Limits,” Polymers, vol. 14, no. 6, 2022. mla: Joshi, Jnanada Shrikant, et al. “Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on Biopolymers and Hydrogels for Biotechnological Applications—Possibilities and Limits.” Polymers, vol. 14, no. 6, 1267, MDPI AG, 2022, doi:10.3390/polym14061267. short: J.S. Joshi, S.V. Homburg, A. Ehrmann, Polymers 14 (2022). date_created: 2022-07-14T17:48:39Z date_updated: 2024-03-27T14:01:14Z department: - _id: '103' doi: 10.3390/polym14061267 file: - access_level: open_access content_type: application/pdf creator: aehrmann date_created: 2022-07-14T17:48:19Z date_updated: 2022-07-14T17:48:19Z file_id: '2032' file_name: _2022_Joshi_Polymers14_1267.pdf file_size: 1305324 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2022-07-14T17:48:19Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 14' issue: '6' keyword: - nanoindentation - elastic modulus - peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping - KPFM - interaction forces - adhesion - impedance - adsorption - ultracentrifugation - drop deposition language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/6/1267 oa: '1' publication: Polymers publication_identifier: eissn: - 2073-4360 publication_status: published publisher: MDPI AG quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on Biopolymers and Hydrogels for Biotechnological Applications—Possibilities and Limits tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article urn: urn:nbn:de:hbz:bi10-20318 user_id: '216459' volume: 14 year: '2022' ...